Britney Spears - princess of pop free essay sample

BRITNEY SPEARS Princess OF POP. I know non everyone will wish me, but this is who I am so if you do nt wish it, tough! -Britney Spears. Unless you are populating under a stone, you know who Britney Spears is. She s the most celebrated 19 twelvemonth old in the music industry. She has outsold and broken records set by creative persons old ages before she was even born. Her first record Baby # 8230 ; One More Time made her the youngest creative person in Soundscan history to hold a certified RIAA 12 times platinum record. Every few yearss a possible star is launched onto an progressively misanthropic music purchasing public. Manufactured groups and vocalists come and go with manner, and few manage any kind of existent, permanent success. Not so Britney Spears! Britney s vocalizing, dancing and natural stupefying good expressions made her the miss that every other miss wanted to be, and the miss that every male child wanted to be with. We will write a custom essay sample on Britney Spears princess of pop or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her records have sold and go on to sell 1000000s of transcripts all over the Earth, her singles are on high rotary motion being played invariably at wireless everyplace, and her selling gross revenues are traveling through the roof there is nil you ca nt purchase without her face on it! Dolls, jerseies, lunchboxes, pens, mugs and caps to call but a few. She is a phenomenon in all senses of the word, and a seller s dream. She is the face of dad today. Britney Jean Spears was born on the 2nd of December 1981, in Kentwood, Louisiana, U.S.A. Britney Spears began her calling every bit shortly as she could walk and speak. She has ever loved vocalizing, dancing, moving and executing. She started out taking concert dance and basic acrobatics categories. Very shortly after, she was enrolled in a gymnastic exercises category where she excelled in floor exercisings and the uneven bars. Britney went on to vie at province degree competitions and won several rubrics. She kept up with gymnastic exercises until she was nine old ages old. As a immature miss turning up, she ever knew she wanted to prosecute a musical calling and took her endowments to her local church, where she performed What Child Is This, and even on national telecasting, with her visual aspect as a Star Search contestant. At the age of 8, Britney auditioned for the popular kids s assortment show, Mickey Mouse Club, but was refused because of her immature age. Fortunately for Britney, one of the show s manufacturers saw the immature vocalist s endowment, and helped her discovery an agent in New York City. Britney spent the following three summers in New York, where she studied at the celebrated Off-Broadway Dance Center and at the Professional Performing Arts School. To add to the formation of a future international star, Britney appeared in commercials and Off-Broadway shows, one of which showcased Britney as an guiltless 10-year-old who is truly an evil bad girl. I was playing this truly bad kid who seems existent Sweet but she s evil excessively. It was so much merriment, she recalls. Three old ages after her first Mickey Mouse Club rejection, Britney eventually landed a topographic point as a Mouseketeer at the age of 11. Britney was already a seasoned performing artist in Television commercials, theater and movie. She besides got her large interruption, eventually doing it onto the Mickey Mouse Show on which she starred for two old ages. Joining a dramatis personae of gifted teens on the show, Britney showed off her playing, dancing and singing endowments on the show that besides spawned the callings of fellow beauties Keri Russell and Christina Aguilera. After 2 old ages of life in Orlando with her household while making the show, Britney moved back place to Kentwood after the show was cancelled, and returned to high school. Britney went back place with dreams over even more success. Her one normal twelvemonth as a fourteen-year-old high school pupil would be the last spot of normality in Britney s life. It was merriment for awhile but I started acquiring itchy to acquire out once more and see the universe, she says. She began to try out for record companies, singing unrecorded and unaccompanied to groups of executives. With a dream of prosecuting a calling as a vocalist and a desire to go forth her little hometown, Britney set off to New York City yet once more, this clip destined to subscribe with a major record label. Now a seasoned performing artist at age 15, an hearing for an all girl vocal group led to her developing a solo calling as a dad vocalist every bit good as go oning her high school surveies with coachs. I need a batch of aid in geometry and Spanish! she admits. The lucky company who decided that immature Britney had what was needed for stardom was Jive Records. Britney eventually signed with Jive Records, after an executive was to the full impressed with the endowment he heard on the demo tape. Working with Eric Foster White, a manufacturer who had antecedently worked with creative persons such as Boyzone and Whitney Houston, Britney s introduction album was eventually ready for its January 12, 1999 release day of the month. Not long after, Baby.. was released and the remainder as they say is history. Britney took America by storm back with her introduction individual # 8216 ; # 8230 ; Baby One More Time # 8217 ; , which smashed into the American Billboard charts at # 1. Her introduction album of the same rubric was released merely a few hebdomads subsequently besides debuting at # 1, doing her the first of all time female creative person to hold a coincident Billboard # 1 individual and album with a introduction release. The impact was mirrored on charts throughout the universe. Britney Spears had arrived on the music scene in a really large manner. With the high-energy picture and infective channel, # 8216 ; Baby One More Time # 8217 ; was welcomed by the World of dad music with unfastened weaponries. A screen of # 8216 ; Rolling Stone # 8217 ; ( April Issue 1999 ) increased the craze. Britney was rocketed from pop-starlet to mega-star. She became a phenomenon across the World and was in demand from virtually every corner of the Earth. Her 2nd individual, # 8216 ; Sometimes # 8217 ; a soft summer ballad was released in June 1999 and was heartily received by a quickly turning fan base. The album was certified RIAA 12 x Pt ( it has gone on to sell more than 20 million transcripts ) . The high spot of 1999 for Britney was executing a poptastic potpourri at the MTV Europe Music Awards in Dublin, where she was the undoubted star. She won all four awards for which she was nominated. The classs were Best Female Artist, Best Breakthrough Act, Best Pop Act and Best Song for # 8216 ; # 8230 ; Baby One More Time # 8217 ; . After a monolithic summer circuit across North America, Britney returned to the charts with another knock hit, # 8216 ; ( You Drive Me ) Crazy # 8217 ; . Born To Make You Happy # 8217 ; , the 4th individual to be taken from Britney # 8217 ; s introduction album, was released in January 2000 and changeable heterosexual into the top of charts around the World, procuring her position as a dad phenomenon. Between entering her 2nd album, Britney went on an extended worldwide circuit. From the sweet tune of From the Bottom of My Broken Heart, to the driving funk of Baby One More Time, to the funky reggae beats of Soda Pop, to her soulful return on the Jets hit You ve Got It All, Britney s lively, assured vocal manner is elating. I want to an creative person that everyone can associate to, that s immature, happy and merriment, she says. Despite a refreshfully adolescent attitude, Britney s life has barely been traditional. I ve done the prom thing, but it s merely one time a twelvemonth, she notes about her unconventional teenage life style. I need to sing and I love to go. A immense Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson and Madonna fan, Britney has been scrutinized by the media with studies of a chest augmentation, and a love matter with England s most eligible unmarried man, Prince William. After the success of her first album, it would nt hold suprised many looker-ons if she d disappeared, replaced by the following large thing in Girl-Pop.But she did nt! Britney came back with a 2nd album, that had the same sort of infective dad vocals as the first, but now with a more sophisticated, fresh sound. With the Britney Spears ballyhoo nowhere near over, she returned to the music scene in 2000 with her follow-up album, entitled Oops! I Did It Again. With a hit picture attach toing the hit rubric path ( in which Ms. Spears has decidedly done it once more, this clip in a ruddy leather catsuit ) , a 2nd worldwide circuit in support of her album, and 1000000s of fans, Britney has decidedly accomplished what few creative persons of all time accomplish, at the mere age of 18. The album debuting at # 1 in the U.S.A. , Canada, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and 15 other states worldwide. The rubric path and first individual was Oops! I Did It Again . As Britney said herself I m non truly making anything different this clip around but I am truly turning up, as a individual and that merely all flows with the overall sound and feel of this record. There # 8217 ; s no maestro program! I # 8217 ; m merely gon na be me and trust it all works out! It surely did work out! Britney, armed with more adulthood had produced an album that strengthened her place as the most successful ( and most iconic ) vocalist since the outgrowth of Madonna. The rubric path, which deals with romantic mis-intentions, was written and produced by longtime confederates Max Martin and Rami and has already broken the record for first hebdomad adds at CHR/Pop wireless with 155 adds. It # 8217 ; s an unbelievable vocal! Britney declares, I think it # 8217 ; s even better than Pamper One More Time! Besides unbelievable is the picture whose futuristic/Barbarella construct was Britney s thought. In respect to the emotional deepness of the album, Britney asserts, # 8220 ; I don # 8217 ; t want to merely be some vocalist who sings a vocal merely to sing it. When you sing a vocal with feeling and make your all, you connect, and that # 8217 ; s important to me. Particularly since I think that the vocals on this album are ten times better than on my first album, so I truly want my fans to experience and hear how much these vocals mean to me. # 8221 ; Along with her strict agenda and the release of her successful 2X Platinum place picture # 8220 ; Time Out with Britney Spears # 8221 ; in late 1999, Britney and her female parent have written a book entitled Heart To Heart. As if that weren # 8217 ; t plenty, Britney has besides created the Britney Spears Foundation in concurrence with the Giving Back Fund. Its first gift is the formation of a acting humanistic disciplines summer cantonment for underprivileged childs in Massachusetts. I # 8217 ; m so happy to be able to give childs the chance to learn about astonishing universe of dance and music that I # 8217 ; ve have been lucky plenty to do such a large portion of my ain life. The 8 times platinum Oops! I Did It Again spawned figure 1 singles like Lucky, Stronger ( in which she performs a lap dance to a chair ) , and Do nt Let Me Be the Last to Know. One listen to Oops! .. I Did It Again and Britney will do a truster out of you one more clip. The most noticeable facet of the individual, the picture and the album is adulthood, which is merely what Britney had in head. Britney Peoples have to retrieve that when I did my first album I was merely 16. I had neer been in the studio, it was all new to me and so before I let people assist me out and candidly I think that was because I was merely so new to the music industry, non merely because I was immature. But doing records and being portion of the procedure and going more in charge of my sound was something I had to see and turn with and on this album I # 8217 ; ve had the opportunity to make that. This album is closer to who I am. It # 8217 ; s funkier! That funkier spirit is loud and clear on up-tempo hindquarters Shakerss like Stronger and Do nt Travel Knockin # 8217 ; On My Door which find Britney in a frisky and ferocious province of head. But as she proved on her introduction, Britney can present laies with every bit much strength as her more high energy cuts. On the hurting When Your Eyess Say It ( written by Diane Warren and produced by Steve Lunt and Robert Jazayeri ) and the thoughtful Do nt Let Me Be The Last To Know ( penned by Shania Twain and Robert Mutt Lange and produced by Lange ) , Britney shows her deepness. I don # 8217 ; t want to merely be some vocalist who sings a vocal merely to sing it, Britney offers talking to the emotional scope of the album. When you sing a vocal with feeling and make your all you connect and that # 8217 ; s important to me. Particularly since I think that the vocals on this album are ten times better than on my first album, so I truly want my fans to experience and hear how much these vocals mean to me. In maintaining with that demand to pass on is Beloved Diary , co written by Britney. Britney began composing tunes and vocals while on the route and she has programs to larn guitar ( she is adept on the piano ) in hopes of composing more vocals in the hereafter. I think I # 8217 ; ve ever had these vocals that I ve been composing in my caput, Britney explains. Now I feel ready to allow people get down to hear them. The 2nd individual from the album, was # 8216 ; Lucky # 8217 ; a bittersweet narrative of solitariness and stardom incorporating the disposed lyrical phrase # 8220 ; the World is whirling and she keeps on winning! # 8221 ; Britney # 8217 ; s # 8216 ; Oops! # 8230 ; # 8217 ; World Tour was announced on May 12th 2000. Her fans couldn # 8217 ; t wait to see her perform. The shows packed 90 proceedingss full of her authoritative hits, energetic dance modus operandis and charming costume alterations. Fans were left in awe. Stronger # 8217 ; an attending catching piece of authoritative up-beat dad and # 8216 ; Don # 8217 ; t Let Me Be The Last To Know # 8217 ; a smooth lay, co-written by Shania Twain , followed as the concluding singles from an exciting sophomoric record, that showed huge growing as a executing creative person and a tight relationship with a sound that is doubtless # 8216 ; Britney! # 8217 ; and now? # 8230 ; Britney has appeared on screen and in print around the Earth. # 8216 ; Time Magazine # 8217 ; ( International Edition ) , # 8216 ; Marie Claire # 8217 ; ( UK ) # 8216 ; Elle # 8217 ; ( UK and Japan ) and # 8216 ; Vogue # 8217 ; ( Spain ) are some of the magazines that have embraced Britney # 8217 ; s magnetic image for their screen narratives. MTV, CHANNEL V, FOX, M6, RTL, along with a infinite figure of other telecasting webs and plans around the universe, anticipate Britney # 8217 ; s new releases as fans would themselves. Britney co-headlined at the Rock In Rio Festival in Brazil in January, 2001, executing to an audience of over 250,000. Besides in January, Britney appeared with Aerosmith and *NSYNC at Superbowl 35 during the half clip show, executing Aerosmith # 8217 ; s authoritative hit Walk This Way . Britney presented and won an award at the 2000 Billboard Music Awards and co-hosted and performed at the 2001 American Music Awards. In 2001, the reigning Queen of Teen Pop shows us a fresh and more mature side. The new vocals on her 3rd album, # 8216 ; Britney # 8217 ; , reflect the alterations in her life and her development from a teenage miss to a mature, immature adult female. Working with manufacturers such as The Neptunes, on the first individual # 8216 ; I # 8217 ; m a Slave 4 U # 8217 ; has allowed her to travel on to the following degree. Other manufacturers and songsters on the album include Max Martin, Rami, Riprock # 8216 ; n # 8217 ; Alex G, Dido, Josh Schwartz and Brian Kierulf of KNS Productions, Rodney Jerkins, Justin Timberlake and Britney Spears herself. *** 2001 was a streamer twelvemonth for the dad star, as she co-hosted the American Music Awards with L.L. Cool J. ; performed with Aerosmith, *N Sync, Nelly, and Mary J. Blige at the Super Bowl ; appeared on a spoken-word Cadmium of the Pope s supplications ; and signed a multimillion-dollar indorsement with Pepsi. While she dances with mill workers in a warehouse, affecting even Viagra-enhanced Bob Dole and his Canis familiaris, Christina Aguilera stars in a Coca-Cola commercial, fueling more than merely a pop war. Britney and her hosts of teenage fans are nt her lone supporters: it turns out her role-model, Madonna, has said that she s a large fan of Britney, and a couple with the new Princess of Pop is in the plants. Britney besides appeared in a one-hour BBC docudrama on the Material Girl. As if Cadmiums, sold-out concerts, books ( her 2nd co-written book with her female parent was released in April 2001, entitled A Mother s Gift ) , and a immense indorsement are nt plenty, Britney is now working on an acting calling and puttering with the thought of a manner line. But for now, being the youngest female to accomplish 10-times Pt position and to notch a figure 1 album and individual in the US with introduction recordings, ai nt all that bad. Today Britney even says I neer knew I would be this celebrated She is still traveling srong and even stars in the new film Crossroads . Exceeding her disruptive adolescent character in Crossroads, a self-confident Britney Spears will populate life in the fast lane for her following film. Spears self-titled 3rd album was a labored effort by the vocalist to cultivate a more mature image. Although its initial gross revenues were non every bit strong as her old two albums, Britney shooting straight to the top of the US album chart on its release in November 2001 for a brief stay. Britney Spears is a cultural phenomenon. Though there have been pop music princesses before, none have had the impact, success and influence of Britney Spears ( though the Spice Girls gave it a good shooting before go offing stunningly ) . Britney has become an icon to 1000000s of fans world-wide and her infective trade name of pop/R A ; B has become the templet for girl dad. She has spawned a new epoch in music in which the audience in control of record companies multi-million dollar net incomes are adolescent misss. Britney has besides drawn a host of impersonators into dad music that include: Christina Aguilera, Jessica Simpson and Mandy Moore. Britney is here to remain and acquiring bigger and better all the clip. All we can state is watch this infinite! !

How to Analyze a Historical Document

How to Analyze a Historical Document It can be easy when examining a historical document that relates to an ancestor to look for the one right answer to our question - to rush to judgment based on the assertions presented in the document or text, or the conclusions we make from it. It is easy to look at the document through eyes clouded by personal bias and perceptions engendered by the time, place and circumstances in which we live. What we need to consider, however, is the bias present in the document itself. The reasons for which the record was created. The perceptions of the documents creator. When weighing the information contained in an individual document we must consider the extent to which the information reflects reality. Part of this analysis is weighing and correlating evidence obtained from multiple sources. Another important part is evaluating the provenance, purpose, motivation,  and constraints of the documents which contain that information within a particular historical context. Questions to consider for every record we touch: 1. What Type of Document Is It? Is it a census record, will, land deed, memoir, personal letter, etc.? How might the record type affect the content and believability of the document? 2. What Are the Physical Characteristics of the Document? Is it handwritten? Typed? A pre-printed form? Is it an original document or a court-recorded copy? Is there an official seal? Handwritten notations? Is the document in the original language in which it was produced? Is there anything unique about the document that stands out? Are the characteristics of the document consistent with its time and place? 3. Who Was the Author or Creator of the Document? Consider the author, creator and/or informant of the document and its contents. Was the document created first-hand by the author? If the documents creator was a court clerk, parish priest, family doctor, newspaper columnist, or other third party, who was the informant? What was the authors motive or purpose for creating the document? What was the author or informants knowledge of and proximity to the event(s) being recorded? Was he educated? Was the record created or signed under oath or attested to in court? Did the author/informant have reasons to be truthful or untruthful? Was the recorder a neutral party, or did the author have opinions or interests that might have influenced what was recorded? What perception might this author have brought to the document and description of events? No source is entirely immune to the influence of its creators predilections, and knowledge of the author/creator helps in determining the documents reliability. 4. For What Purpose Was the Record Created? Many sources were created to serve a purpose or for a particular audience. If a governmental record, what law or laws required the documents creation? If a more personal document such as a letter, memoir, will, or family history, for what audience was it written and why? Was the document meant to be public or private? Was the document open to public challenge? Documents created for legal or business reasons, particularly those open to public scrutiny such as those presented in court, are more likely to be accurate. 5. When Was the Record Created? When was this document produced? Is it contemporary to the events it describes? If it is a letter is it dated? If a bible page, do the events predate the bibles publication? If a photograph, does the name, date or other information written on the back appear contemporaneous to the photo? If undated, clues such as phrasing, form of address, and handwriting can help to identify the general era. First-hand accounts created at the time of the event are generally more reliable than those created months or years after the event occurred. 6. How Has the Document or Record Series Been Maintained? Where did you obtain/view the record? Has the document been carefully maintained and preserved by a government agency or archival repository? If a family item, how has it been passed down to the present day? If a manuscript collection or other item residing in a library or historical society, who was the donor? Is it an original or derivative copy? Could the document have been tampered with? 7. Were There Other Individuals Involved? If the document is a recorded copy, was the recorder an impartial party? An elected official? A salaried court clerk? A parish priest? What qualified the individuals who witnessed the document? Who posted the bond for a marriage? Who served as godparents for a baptism? Our understanding of the parties involved in an event, and the laws and customs which may have governed their participation, aids in our interpretation of the evidence contained within a document. In-depth analysis and interpretation of a historical document is an important step in the genealogical research process, allowing us to distinguish between fact, opinion, and assumption, and explore reliability and potential bias when weighing the evidence it contains. Knowledge of the historical context, customs,  and laws influencing the document can even add to the evidence we glean. The next time you hold a genealogical record, ask yourself if you have really explored everything the document has to say.

Business plan for mobile tea sexy dolly trolley Thesis

Business plan for mobile tea sexy dolly trolley - Thesis Example However, it is assumed that any extra risk associated will be taken into account beforehand and the market research, legal and civil requirements; financial planning will be adjusted accordingly to accommodate the risk. The catering business is already a popular option for entrepreneurs with owners shifting from standardized fares and themes to more novel ones to gain competitive advantage (Pace, 2011). For Mobile Tea Sexy Dolly Trolley the risque image will help them stand apart from other competitors. The business will be established as a partnership with all management activities carried out by the partners, while the staff will be there to provide the actual services. The partners have both have had previous experience in the service and food industry but this will be there first venture as entrepreneurs. 2.0 Business Description The first thing which will catch the consumers and the stake holder’s eye is the name of the business itself; the name Mobile Tea Sexy Dolly Trol ley has been decided as it immediately informs that the business is in fact a themed catering service with some very unusual components. It is the catering service with will make heads turn and create a stir where ever it visits. As the name suggests the ‘Mobile Tea Sexy Dolly Trolley’ catering will be limited exclusively to provision of Tea and tea variants, served from old-style Dolly Trolleys by glamorous and attractive staff. Along with the tea will be suitable snacks such as dainty sandwiches and quaint biscuits- but no other types of food will be included. The focus will be on the experience that customers will get, enjoying the pampering attentions of our staff as the tea and snacks are prepared or set in front of them. The business will be unabashed and direct in declaration of its main attraction: the staff. The business aims to cater to mainly an adult and mature audience who can appreciate the experience and not dismiss it as something improper or a throwaway fad. Premium charges will be taken for the services of our staff and the aesthetic quality they will bring to any event. It will be a novel experience for anyone to watch and enjoy the condiments served by the highly efficient, polite and charming men and women working for us and even though it may not be considered as a regular service to hire, they will want to indulge in the experience a few more times. The core target groups for our services will be adult parties, dinners, corporate team building activities, and office catering. We understand the need of the corporations and businesses nowadays to keep their employees interested and motivated in the workplace. The lunch hour is a necessary right for the worker; it provides the time to relax, take nourishment, socialize or even work to clear that backlog (Tahmincioglu, 2012). For management who want to provide some revitalizing entertainment for their employees along with the extra food choices, Mobile Tea Sexy Dolly Trolley can be the business to hire. Our staff will create a buzz in the office, give everyone plenty to talk about in the coming days and provide nourishing and comforting tea right at the desks of the workers. The mobility is one of our biggest strengths, as the products can be carried everywhere easily

Offshore Tax Evasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Offshore Tax Evasion - Essay Example However, there exist numerous opportunities for juristic entities such as corporations, foundations and trusts to avoid taxation by operating in multiple, carefully chosen jurisdictions using carefully chosen techniques designed to minimize taxes. This report identifies various methods of tax avoidance by multinational corporations and other entities and makes policy recommendations with respect to closing these loopholes and level the playing field between competing businesses and tax jurisdictions. Outline Introduction Offshore Tax Evasion and Avoidance Tax Havens Corporate Tax Avoidance Methods Use of Tax Havens Debt Allocation Earnings Stripping Transfer Pricing Contract Manufacturing Hybrid Entities Hybrid Instruments Magnitude of Losses Policy Issues Repeal of Deferral Partial Abolition of Deferral Formula Aportionment Splitting Foreign Tax Credits Recommendations and Conclusions. Introduction Offshore tax avoidance has greatly increased in the last decade. Multiple multination al corporations; banks and even individuals have shifted their tax responsibilities and eliminated tax in their domestic businesses (Owens, 2007). Tax avoidance resulted in reduced government revenue and reduced domestic businesses activity, as big multinationals were rewarded for their financial manipulation instead of innovation, job creation or productive investment. Lack of transparency by various governments has greatly facilitated offshore tax avoidance. Poor preparation at the policy level in countering tax abuse has resulted in many multinationals and individuals relocating their â€Å"tax home† to a tax haven. As mentioned by Sullivan (2008, p. 726), use of offshore accounts poses a threat to sovereign governments as companies use havens like Cayman Islands and Bahamas to evade tax. Global integration of financial markets and the improved communication and information technologies has made the creation of these offshore accounts and shell companies easy. Globalizatio n, coupled with lack of transparency among various countries (which is vital in tackling tax abuse) has increased the incidence of tax evasion and avoidance at both the individual and corporate level. In the new era of banking without borders, corporations and wealthy individuals are free to transfer their capital abroad and channel it to passive investments in offshore jurisdictions. This makes it possible for them to evade paying income taxes. Offshore tax havens are countries that engage in â€Å"tax competition† with the high-tax regimes. As mentioned by Sullivan (2007, p. 329), offshore tax evasion and avoidance has put sustainable and responsible businesses at a competitive disadvantage as their competitors avoid taxation by the use of tax haven structures and strategies. Tax evasion deprives countries of revenue and this limits the development and modernization of infrastructure, which is vital for a strong economy. Offshore tax evasion According to Owens (2007), inter national tax evasion is categorized into corporations’ tax evasion and individuals’ tax evasion; it can also be categorized into legal tax avoidance and illegal tax evasion, depending on whether the tax avoidance is broadly or narrowly defined. International tax evasion could also be distinguished by the measures taken or measures that could be used in reducing the subsequent loss. Government revenue losses arising from individual tax avoidance are usually associated with the use of narrowly defined tax haven, corporate tax evasion

Contextualised analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Contextualised analysis - Essay Example The paper concentrates on two pages (page 45 and 204) extract from the book that deals with relationship (sexuality). This double existence was in concurrence with the Victorian era in which the author lived, and also with a viewpoint that pleasures are most enjoyable when they are confidential. No evil is as allusive as the surreptitious sin. There is basis to suppose that Wilde would have retreated at the tendency to put on one’s sexuality within one’s sleeve; instead of making such internal desires the matter of subtle, secretive gratifications. Illusion, as he eminently quoted, is the initial of entire pleasures. Wilde was capable to rationalize his enticements while taking pleasure in the thrill of prohibited fruit but in his spirit, in his innermost conscience, the guilt prowled. Just as homosexuality in Wilde’s merely book, The Picture of Dorian Gray, is noticeable without being unconcealed, many desire their sins could be uncontrolled without being observed. The Picture of Dorian Gray discovers the fantasy of unconquerable vice only to realize that, while law can be avo ided, there is no flee from conscience. Homosexuality is revealed in book in many section, however, this analysis provide an extract of page 204 revealing confession of Hallward for loving Dorian. ‘It is quite true I have worshipped you with far more romance of feeling than a man should ever give to a friend. Somehow I have never loved a woman†¦. From the moment I met you, your personality had the most extraordinary influence over me†¦. I adored you madly, extravagantly, absurdly. I was jealous of everyone to whom you spoke. I wanted to have you all to myself. I was only happy when I was with you’ (204). This was a time of historical transformation in Victorian or modernist period. In the preamble, Wilde also warned readers against seeking connotations â€Å"beneath the surface† of literature or any art. The extract provides a

The Concept Of Media Framing

The Concept Of Media Framing In this paper, we analyze the concept of media framing in relation to the construction of a mosque at ground zero. We identify the various frames used by various media houses in America and compare and contrast them. We analyze the related literature and the basic concepts involved in media framing. A general overview of the concept of media framing is also provided. Entman (1993) describes framing as a scattered concept where previous researchers lack clear conceptual meanings and depend on context-based definitions, rather than general applicability. Brosius and Eps (1995) proceeds that framing may not be clear in explication and generally used but can be seen as a metaphor which does not convert directly into research setting. While different authors agree that there is lack of commonality in the definition of this term, people have often used the term frame to refer to similar but different approaches. For this particular article, I now use the term framing to refer to the way media houses use mind-controlling technique to gain readership and viewership by providing what appears to be new but intricately woven to control the thought process and opinions. Concept of Media Framing Framing can be compared to the setting of agenda or opinion but stretches the research by pin pointing the issues that area at hand instead of a particular topic. Framing theory makes the media take an issue and then places it to connote a new meaning or opinion. It is a very important technique since make the media tailor he thoughts of the masses towards a particular direction hence they become opinion leaders. When the media selects topics, they direct the people where and what to think. When journalists choose a frame, they make sure that they even provide a structure in such a way that their audience only interpret what is provided. A frame is a notion which serves to organize or direct social meaning to a given issue at hand. Their intention is to make the targeted audience to think about the news bulletin or article and how to think about it. Media framing at Ground Zero Mosque Construction This article looks at the myths, stories, metaphors, and narratives and traditions that the media employed to capture the attention of the American citizens and the wiorld at large and cause the proposal to construct ground zero mosque a big story. While research has shown that the proposed Islamic Cultural Center and Mosque was not to be constructed at the ill-fated World Trade Center site, the frames that were used clearly depicts that the media conditioned the thoughts of the audience to think in a particular direction. CNNs framing of the Mosque at Ground Zero Numbers as a frame The very dominant frame used by CNN in the framing of the mosque at ground zero is numbers. They used extremely large statistics in order to show how grave the situation was being objected by Americans. They purported that a poll they conducted revealed that 68% of Americans opposed the construction of the ground zero mosque (McCormack, 2010).This is as postulated by Stone (2002). Islamophobic phrases as a frame CNN televised mind-boggling Islamophobes on several occasions and if not all, Geller who once advocated for the destruction of Jerusalems Dome of Rock, which is a Moslems revered sites, and one who once depicted Muhammad with the face of a pig in her website (FAIR Blog, 2010) had appeared twice on the CNNs network between May and August 2010 to state her position on the proposed construction. Her appearance and her contribution direct people to her perception of what Islam is about. Consequently, CNN by close extension frame the issue of proposed mosque construction and become opinion carrier and disseminates the same to the audience. This media house, ought to have stated the factual reports without tilting towards anti-Moslem crusaders. Cooper 360 (2010) gave Fischer television airtime to contribute that Islam is totalitarian and that it is anti-Christian and seeks the extermination of Western ideology on civilization. Another segment of Cooper (2010) of Anderson Cooper featured Benham of prolife, anti-Islam crusade Operation Save America, where Islam was termed as a lie from hell. This is in fact use of depiction as a framing device to cause the listeners to imagine, ponder and magnify a Muslim-dominated America. Conceptualization of media framing Framing theory Extant literature has been dedicated to the concept of media framing. This literature can be categorized into four broad stages. The initial stage which gives an account of media framing that occurred between the 1920s and the 1930s was characterized by event that occurred during the World War I such as propaganda effects as well as its beliefs regarding beliefs on the influence of media on the attitude of people (Scheufele, 1999). The second phase took place between the 1930s and the 1960s and was marked by issues that tended to put forward the gravity and nee of personal experience in the process of changing the attitude of people. The researchers who noted this did believe that the main media effect was concentrated on the reinforcement of the attitude that were already in existence as postulated by Klapper (1960). The study of the third stage which took place between 1970s and 1980s gave life to the new media effects that were even stronger. The focus of the media was however rap idly shifted from attitude changes to more cognitive based effects as outlined by Noelle-Neumann (1973). The fourth stage which has been running from 1980s to present has been heavily marred by elements of social constructivism, as shown by the work of scholars such as Berger and Luckmann (1966), Gamson and Modigliani(1989) and Tuchman (1978) who are all social scientists. The other portion of literature on this stage of media effects has also been researched and discussed by political scientists such as Ivengar (1991) and Scheufele (1999).The concept of social constructivism attempts to make an explanation on the possible relationships that exists between media and the audience via a combination of elements of strong as well as limited media effects in the domain of mass media. The work of Gamson and Modigliani (1989, p. 2) categorically expressed the fact that Media discourse is part of the process by which individuals construct meaning, and public opinion is part of the process by which journalistsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦develop and crystallize meaning in public discourse. The work of Gamson and Modigliani (1987) further portrays the real essence of media framing as being the main organizing idea or rather the story line that gives a meaning to certain upholding string of events. The frames therefore do suggest what a certain controversy is about as well as the real essence of the issue involved (Gamson and Modigliani, 1987, p. 143). Entman (1993) however points out that the meaning of a frame is tied down to the selection of certain aspects of a reality which is perceived in order to make them salient so as to promote a certain definition of a problem, its moral evaluation, causal meaning as well as the treatment of the recommendations (Entman, 1993, p. 52). The work of Iyengar (1991) made a differentiation between the thematic and episodic media frames. These episodic media frames are a depiction of public media issues which in essence are concrete instances as well as specific events that come about as a result of individualistic actions. The thematic framing reports on the other side are a systematic reflection of the problems that take place in our society on a level that is considered abstract but with outcomes that are general. The media framing of the Mosque at ground Zero is a perfect example of thematic framing Media framing and elements of public deliberation The work of Simon and Xenos (2000) on media framing was concentrated on the analysis of media framing in order to research the influence of public deliberation that is actively involved in the process of social creation as well as the changes that occur in our society over a period of time. They point out that deliberation is a process involving political argumentation that moves on through a process of discursive giving and taking. The effects are therefore intricately linked to the media framing effects as was indicative in their research (Simon and Xenos, 2000, p. 367). Media framing and the reasoning devices The work of Gamson and Lasch (1983) came up with an identification of various framing as well as reasoning devices that can be utilized as a combination in order to create frames. The framing devices include metaphors, exemplars, and visual images, depictions and metaphors. These do suggest a framework to be used in viewing of the issues involved. The reasoning devices on the other side include roots, appeal principles and consequences. They are used in the provision of justification and reasons for the general positions that are adopted (Gamson and Lasch, 1983, p. 399).The work of Stone (2002) makes an addition to the list of devices that include synecdoche as well as numbers. Synecdoche refers to figure of speech which represents an idea in its entirety or in parts. Numbers on the other hand are used as a method of describing a certain phenomena as well as events using measurements. The most favorite technique is the use of ether abnormally large or small numbers in order to dramatize an idea as pointed out by Stone (2002, p. 137) Media framing as depicted by other channels and newspapers The trouble started with anti-Muslim activists when they suggested that the proposal a ploy by Muslims in American to conquer the memorial site of the September Eleven attacks (Big Government, 2010). The Big Government uses the word conquer to capture the attention of the already audience who are paranoid about terrorism and the perceived Islamization of America. The point that the proposed site is closer to the ground zero site would not attract serious readership without using the word conquer to tune the minds of the audience to imagine America infested by the perceived enemies. A good timeline is provided by the Salon (2010) traces the genesis of the controversy to posts done by Pamela Geller on the web Atlas Shrugs blog (2010), a source of anti-Muslim forum. Which insinuated about the impending perceived Islamization of America? Geller (2009) retorted that the construction of the mosque at the world trade centers site was about Islamic expansionism and domination. The term Islamization of America is a catch-phrase used to frame the story in order to agitate the American populace. He added that the Islamic center will instill and encourage the Qurans violent texts. This narrative, together with what exists in the Atlas Shrugs blog, is intentionally designed to direct the audience to a specific line of agitation against Muslim rights in America. In addition, from May, the New York Post picked up a story and Andrea Peyser (2010), the columnist who spread the propaganda that the center was to open on the September 11 in the year 2011, and used repetitively the term Ground Zero mosque in his references to the cultural center. This culminated into anti-Muslim debates as intended by the writer. This numerous use of the terminology of ground zero is use of numbers as a framing device. Contrast between media houses on framing The main contrast between the media houses was the gravity of reporting the extent of media framing. This is depicted in the work of Nisbet and Garrett (2010) whose analysis shown that FOX News was responsible for most of the rumors and misconceptions regarding the construction of the mosque at ground zero. Conclusion The concept of media framing can be used positively and effectively in various parts of the human society such as in effectively improving businesses instead of using it to trample on basic human rights. It is important that it be used since it can be used in eliciting the true meaning of certain events.

The Wife Of Martin Guerre Essay -- essays research papers

Arnaud du Tilh, a rogue and an impostor, deserved punishment for his crimes, and that is what he received. Arnaud, a man once thought by people to be unmistakably Martin Guerre, was sentenced to death. Perhaps in this day an age, a punishment such as this would be excessively severe, however in Arnaud's time it was considered just. A question can be asked whether Martin Guerre deserves such a punishment as well, because of his actions. Martin Guerre never broke any laws like that of Arnaud du Tilh, however in a moral sense, Martin's actions were down at Arnaud's level, perhaps even lower.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Guerre was the spitting image of his father. Before he left the farm, everyone that knew him was confident in him taking over his father's position as head and prote...

Speech as Xerxes

Greetings, subjects. My reign was sufficient and completely beneficial to the Persian society, I deserve this power as even Herodetus the Greek writer said with â€Å"among all these immense numbers there was not a man who, for stature and noble bearing, was more worthy than Xerxes to wield so vast a power. I deserved to take the throne, and it was Ahuramazda's will. Other sons of Darius there were, but thus unto Ahura-Mazda was the desire – Darius my father made me the greatest after himself.When my father Darius went away from the throne, by the will of Ahura-Mazda I became king on my fathers throne. I am of royal decent and Achmaenid blood runs through me as I am Xerxes, the great king, king of kings, king of lands, containing many men, king in this great earth far and wide, son of Darius the king, an Achaemenid, a Persian, son of the Persian, an Aryan, of Aryan seed. I have legitimate reason to access the throne. Greek writers have depicted me as an impetuous, arrogant an d sadistic madman.But this is the view of a Greek, not only are the Greeks inferior to me but they are also not going to give an accurate description, and are of course going to be bias. I destroyed parts of their beloved homeland so their views of me can be somewhat inaccurate because of their anger towards me. Greek writers have spoken of me as having negative aspects, but my inscriptions throughout my kingdom say otherwise as I take the good virtues that have been bestowed upon me by Ahura-Mazda. I took care of the revolts in both Egypt and Babylonia swiftly and successfully, with proper actions undertaken to teach the inhabitants a lesson.Egypt lost the privilige of self-government and local autonomy, and even though the Babylonians revolted twice because the first punishment wasn't as harsh, the second time they revolted they lost their Gods and in effect this stopped the revolts in the future. Greek writers described my actions towards the revolts as trying to crush their reli gions without thought, but they failed to mention that it is general practice of rulers in dealing with rebellious countries to destroy sanctuaries.As said in an inscription in Persepolis, when my father Darius went away from the throne, I became king on his throne by the grace of Ahuramazda. After I became king, I finished what had been done by my father, and I added other works. The palace through my building program became twice as big as it was in Darius's reign, there was an innovative design shown in Persepolis with the staircases for example. The palace was not a permenant residentual place, but rather an administrative centre and focus for religious ritual with there also being inscriptions that give details of religion.For the war on Greece, the correct decision was made that they must be punished for their assistance in the Ionians revolt so I made preperations for invasion over 4 years. First I decided to take diplomatic measures, so I sent out envoys to demand earth and water from the Greeks. But because Athens and Sparta were my target, I decided best not to ask for their submission but to just punish them and lay the assault on them. I demanded for my subjects of the provinces to send men for the army I was sending, this army was the largest in recorded history said by Herodetus and further determined by modern historians.I decided that the soldiers of my army needed easier movement, so there was a bridge at Hellespont built over the years in preperation. There was the matter of supplies and food for the many warriors that would travel to Greece, so supply depots were set up for easy access of supplies while travelling or waiting. I then entrusted the Egyptians with the task to make the materials to build a bridge across the Strymon River, the bridge was close to the supply depot at Eion. My father previously sent his ships to Greece unaware of the weather conditions, this resulted in a storm sinking the ships.I learnt from this mistake and built a canal at Mt Athos so the Persian ships could safely pass through. The attack on Greece began at Thermopylae and the cowards hid in the mountains not willing to fight with honor. It was then by the will of Ahura-Mazda that a Greek called Ephialtes came to me and spoke of a mountain pass that allowed us to surround the Greeks and crush their inferior soldiers, Herodetus told the story of the Battle of Thermopylae. After this victory I was then deceived by a Greek who told me that the Greeks were leeing, so the fleet was sent to Salamis and was ambushed unfairly. It was at this defeat I thought it best to retreat and protect the bridges which was the smarter decision in the situation, after this decision was made I left Mardonius in command of the forces and returned to Persia. To carry out my father's legacy I inherrited his foreign policy in which I was expected to further expand the Persian empire. The three things I was required to do through the foreign policy was to punish the Greeks, further expand empire the and to gain personal glory as my predecessors had done.Through the Greek campaign I accomplished the task that was inherrited, I punished the Athenians and burnt their city so my real goal was achieved, I also further expanded the empire to the East with the addition of provinces such as Thrace and Macedonia and I also added territory in the most distant Eastern provinces. Through the building program personal glory was in an obvious way achieved, and the palace in Perespolis showed this and left an impression even after my reign finished. It was also said by J.L O'Neil that I wasn't interested in military affairs and preferred building activities. Religious policy was properly taken out, as said in an inscription written by myself is that I copied the religion of my father Darius who recognised Ahuramazda as the supreme creator or God. More importantly, I recognise that I was king through the favor of Ahuramazda which was also said in an inscripti on. Doing this made religion an important political dimension and through this I was an instrument of Ahura-Mazda.I strengthened the religion shown in the â€Å"daeva† inscription which eliminated other Gods and made the â€Å"demon† Gods no longer worshipped. I was successful in what was expected of me as a Persian ruler, I demonstrated that I was fit to rule the empire and I continued my fathers legacy. Inscriptions throughout Persia said that even after the retreat from Greece my subjects still respected me and thought of me as a great king, showing that the loss did not damage Persian society.

The NYS Prison System

The NYS Prison System Free Online Research Papers The New York State prison system till this day continues to be one of the most popular prison systems in our country. New York State’s prison system consists of many different prisons and departments located all around the state of New York. New York State prisons have a lot of history throughout the years. The current commissioner of the correctional facilities that governs the prison system is Brian Fischer. Some notable prisons in the New York prison system are Sing Sing and Attica. Overview The New York prison system is one of the most known prison systems in the United States. It is currently the fourth largest prison system in the United States. According to the NYS Department of Correctional Services, the New York adult prison system currently houses and habilitates 62,500 inmates this number is good considering a drop of 9,000 inmates in the last eight years. The correctional service in New York employs over 31,300 employees including over 23,000 uniformed correctional officers in their system. New York currently has over 69 correctional facilities in the state. There are over 17 maximum security facilities, 37 medium security facilities, 13 minimum security facilities, 3 minimum security camp facilities and 1 drug treatment campus facility. The State of New York offers programs for their inmates stationed at various prisons. They offer such jobs as correctional industries, working on such jobs as manufacturing within the prison. These jobs include license plate sh ops, upholstery shops and printing plants. Other programs that NYS prisons offer are education programs in academics and vocational, guidance and counseling, substance abuse treatment services, temporary release programs and transitional service programs. (docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) Departmental Mission The New York State Correctional System has many visions, goals, values and policies that apply to all of their prison and correctional facilities. The mission statement for the NYS Correctional Services is â€Å"Enhance public safety by providing appropriate treatment services, in safe and secure facilities, that address the needs of all inmates so they can return to their communities better prepared to lead successful and crime-free lives.†(docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) The main vision in which the correctional facilities in NYS go by is â€Å"enhance public safety by having incarcerated persons return home less likely to revert to criminal behavior.†(docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) The NYS Department of Correctional Services has many goals that it sets out to accomplish in operating its facilities. They want to â€Å"Create and maintain an atmosphere where both inmates and staff feel secure. Develop and implement positive individualized treatment plans for each inmate. Tea ch inmates the need for discipline and respect, and the importance of a mature understanding of a work ethic. Assist staff by providing the training and tools needed to perform their duties while enhancing their skills. Offer career development opportunities for all staff.† (docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) The NYS Department of Correctional Services also has values that they want to operate by like â€Å"Operate with ethical behavior. Recognize the value of each person. Protect human dignity. Offer leadership and support to all. Offer respect and structure at all times.† (docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) Certain policies that the Department of Correctional Services follows in NYS are â€Å"Offer opportunities for inmates to improve all their skills, and to receive individual treatment services, based on their ability and willingness to participate. Provide appropriate medical and psychiatric services necessary to those requiring such treatment so each inmate can maximize his/he r own rehabilitation. Enhance positive relationships by providing opportunities for interaction between inmates and their families. Establish a structured environment that fosters respect through disciplined learning.† (docs.state.ny.us/docs.html) Brief History The New York adult prison system has a lot of history behind it. The creation of the adult prison system in NYS dates all the way back to 1797 when Newgate Prison opened in Greenwich Village, 17 years later Auburn state prison was built being the second prison built. In 1825 Sing Sing was built on the Hudson River, just north of New York City and following this the creation of Clinton prison was formed. More and more prisons were built around New York due to the problem of crime and overcrowding. With these issues came into play the change of architecture of bigger prisons. Many new improvements followed thereafter. â€Å"The major improvements in the construction of prisons were the introduction of escape-proof cells and unbreakable toilets and wash basins. This escalating process of constructing ever more secure prisons reached its pinnacle in 1931, when the most secure, escape-proof prison ever built opened in the little upstate village of Attica, New York. With such dedication poured into its construction, Attica was, at the time, the most expensive prison ever built. Construction had begun in 1929 and continued into the early years of the Depression. Over one hundred years had passed since inmates from Auburn had gone to work to build Sing Sing. In the spring of 1930, the scene was repeated; inmates from Auburn were transported to Attica to assist in construction.† (correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/state/html/nyprisons2.html) In the later years prisons in NYS began to offer many programs to their inmates. â€Å"Effective January 1, 1971, the states complex of adult correctional facilities was reorganized as the Department of Correctional Services. Nine months later, the most severe prison riot in American history broke out at Attica Correctional Facility. A searching reexamination of correctional practices resulted in a heightened emphasis on educational and other rehabilitative programs including work release.† (correctionhistory.org/html/museum/docsroom/docsmuseum.html) Training for Prison Officers in NYS The first basic training for officers in NYS occurred in the 1930s on maximum security prison sites. â€Å"In 1936, the Department opened the Central Guard School for newly recruited officers at Wallkill Prison. Wartime restrictions and manpower shortages ended Guard School operations in 1942. It was not until 1965 that centralized recruit training was resumed, this time on the grounds of Matteawan State Hospital (now Fishkill Correctional Facility) in Beacon. The Beacon Academy offered a three-week training program for correction officers. In 1973, the DOCS leased the Mater Christi Seminary from the Diocese of Albany and established its current Training Academy there. The property was purchased by New York State in 1987.† (correctionhistory.org/html/museum/docsroom/docsmuseum.html) Currently the academy annually gives out two million hours of professional training in lecture training and on hands training. (correctionhistory.org/html/museum/docsroom/docsmuseum.html) Reaction I believe that the New York State prison system is a very complex system. From articles and research done throughout the writing of my paper I have found out that New York State prisons have always had a problem with overcrowding in their prisons. They have also been faced with problems of budgeting because of the issue of overcrowding. I think that New York State although being a fairly large state and having a fairly high crime rate should look into ways into making their prison systems more of a learning experience to their inmates. So far I think that they are doing a fairly good job in having resources available to their inmates. I think that that is the most important thing in the prison system especially in New York with their overcrowding. I think that the price of having an inmate be released into the world and then recidivate making them go through the whole process of being tried with the courts and then housing them in prison for another sentence, is more costly in my opi nion than having programs for them to learn and counseling to make them a better individual to be released into the world again. New York in my opinion does a god job but you could always do better. References CORRECTIONS MUSEUM. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2009, from correctionhistory.org/html/museum/docsroom/docsmuseum.html Evolution of NYs Prison System Part 2. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2009, from correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/state/html/nyprisons2.html NYS Department of Correctional Services. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2009, from docs.state.ny.us/docs.html New York State Department of Correctional Services Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Correctional_Services Seiter, R. P. (2007). Corrections: An Introduction (2nd Edition). Alexandria, VA: Prentice Hall. Research Papers on The NYS Prison SystemCapital PunishmentNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceOpen Architechture a white paperThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPETSTEL analysis of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesTwilight of the UAWArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Project Managment Office System

Dress Code and Uniforms Essay

Dress Code and Uniforms Essay Dress Code and Uniforms Essay SCHOOL UNIFORMS SHOULD NOT BE REQUIRED. In my opinion students should not have to wear uniforms if they don’t laugh or treat other students bad. Should school uniforms be required? Some parents say yes but students say no. the reason why parents say yes is because sometimes the children get pick on a lot about how they wear they clothes and what they should wear. Others believe that kids should have the freedom to dress however they want. After strongly believe that uniforms should not be required in school. Some parents think it’s a great thing for children to wear uniform because now no one would have to be picking on or laugh at about what they wear. Without uniform, they say kids will focus on clothes, instead of schoolwork. There will be pressure to buy expensive clothes, which many families can not afford for the parents these reason, some people insist that uniform are necessary. I personally disagree. There will at all times be interruption. Kids should be encouraged and trusted to focus on their schoolwork, or they will never learn to be in charge. Uniforms are not free. If families are spending money, they should be able to choose the clothes they buy. Also, uniforms interfere with creativity. Requiring uniforms send a message that all kids are the same. If school wants kids to be themselves, they should not force all students to dress alike. For all these reasons, school uniforms should not be required. If teachers and parents and principals want to

Potential Impact of Retail Sales and Personal Income Forecasts on Essay

Potential Impact of Retail Sales and Personal Income Forecasts on Tobacco Industry - Essay Example But regardless of the source, increases in the retail price of cigarettes causes a decrease in the quantity of cigarettes demanded, though the ratio is less than 1 to 1 when comparing the percentage price increase to the percentage of consumption decrease. This shows that there is resistance to forgoing consumption altogether, and that few if any substitute goods are available to the consumer. The correlation between income and spending can be summed up as follows: "In general, growth of retail sales follows the same path as the growth of personal income. However, this may not be the case during economic slowdown and expansion. In general, in the time of recession, retail sales tend to grow slower than personal income, while in the time of economic boom, retail sales tend to grow faster than personal income" (Kovalyova & Zakharova, 2003). This implies that consumer spending anticipates future economic conditions, and that so-called consumer confidence plays a bigger - or at least a leading - role in purchasing patterns than do actual changes in macroeconomic conditions.

John Paul Dejoria and his accomplishments Research Paper

John Paul Dejoria and his accomplishments - Research Paper Example While he was still in twenties his wife died leaving a son behind whom John had to now take care of. John tried in everything and all sorts of Jobs, but his luck charmed bell rung when he met Mitchells another US individual. Together they worked to bring on revolutions in history of hair color solutions. Their strategy worked so well that today John Paul sells his products internationally in more than 90,000 salons. According to (Forbes 2011), he is worth US$4 billion. And Visionary of the Year Award (October 2009). John is one the great nationals of America today, with a generous donator, he has won numerous awards. Today all magazines recognize him as one of the millionaires. Sender’s Name April 22, 2011 John Paul Dejoria and his accomplishments   Living a luxurious life, with 90 hair products sold in 90,000 hair salons all across the United States plus an annual retailing topping $ 600 million, is the guy who worked hard to make the rages to riches story. John Paul Dejori a is a US citizen who holds prestige in being categorized as one of the True Global Citizen that moves on from a no way citizen to someone who owns riches equivalent to millionaires today. Early life and Education He was born as the second son to an Italian family, the family which immigrated from Greek to Italy. He marked the history of the Echo park neighborhood of California with his birth on the April 13th, 1944. Belonging to a family who separated when he was the 2 yrs old, he was thought as any other regular child. It was not but the age of nine that he started selling cards and news papers to support his family financially. Sometime later his mother felt that she won’t be able to provide for the family, so John Paul along with his brother were sent to their foster home. The real learning of this son of the immigrant parents from Italy and Greece was hard work and consistent determination to work for his goals in life. Since beginning John Paul and his brother had to li ve a life of tiresome work and sleepless nights. John Paul and his brother would have to get up at three in the morning to deliver the folded newspaper as their part time job during studies for sake of support for family’s financial wellbeing. At a really early age he had to spend time in the company of East Los Angeles’ street gangs. He then had to enroll in the U.S. Naval Reserve still being a student of high school then went on to join the Navy. However, his efforts worked against the thoughts for financial betterment. However, as life would have it a brief marriage left John Dejoria a single parent with a young son to support. Then he resort to different jobs trying to make ends meet with no particular correlations in the jobs he was handling. He did everything from the pumping of the gas, repairing of the bicycles, working as a salesman for encyclopedias, dictating machines, photocopying machines and even selling life insurance. It was harder for Dejoria and he st ill was having a rough time. As Oprah Winfrey puts beautifully â€Å"I've learned that you can't have all and do all at the same time.† (O Magazine, April 2003). Because of his early twenties he was like as many other adults who consider asking help from others disrespect in their self esteem. This resulted in him being broke on many occasions. However, he was willing to give it all those days he was collecting Coke bottles and cans to fund them in for a few pennies at the to buy cereal, macaroni, potatoes, rice, and cheese or canned soup. However, no matter how hard the